One of the priorities of Internet Initiatives Development Fund (IIDF) is financial and expert support to startups in their early development stages. IIDF has invested in 402 tech startups. The Fund invests between 2.5M and 324M rubles in tech companies at early stages, i.e. pre-seed, seed and series A. The Fund also plans to launch a variety of educational programs and to perform a number of legislative initiatives. These steps will help to increase transparency and ensure effective cooperation between entrepreneurs, investors, and state agencies in the field of venture capital investments in Russian online-projects. IIDF's mission is to make Russia more attractive for tech enterpreneurs. They want to make the Russian venture market understandable and accessible to anyone who wants to begin or grow their Internet businesses.

Internet Initiatives Development Fund is a Moscow-based venture capital firm founded in 2013 that supports early-stage technology startups across Russia and international markets, including the United States, Europe and Asia. The firm focuses on a broad range of sectors such as retail, virtual and augmented reality, cybersecurity, education technology, internet of things and hardware, digital health, agricultural technology, fintech, artificial intelligence and big data, software as a service and other corporate software, adtech, manufacturing, and blockchain. It also runs an acceleration program across Russia to help portfolio companies scale. Investment sizes typically range from RUB 2.1 million to RUB 324 million.

Russian Ventures, founded in 2008, is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia. It focuses on investments in internet and technology companies across Russia.

Ruvento Ventures is a Singapore-based venture capital and incubation firm that supports technology startups across early stages, including incubation and seed rounds. It focuses on AI, machine learning, Internet of Things, robotics, hardware, cleantech, and other disruptive technologies, as well as enabling technologies for web and mobile and sectors such as medical devices and data analytics. The firm pursues global investments with a regional tilt toward Southeast Asia and CIS markets, aiming to bring products to Asian markets including China, India, and Indonesia. Typical commitments range from tens of thousands to several hundred thousand dollars per project, with direct investments up to about 0.5 million and potential syndication to around 3 million. In its Singapore incubation program, it provides staged financing in two rounds: a proof-of-concept portion and a subsequent commercial-stage portion, totaling up to about 0.2 million. Ruvento operates from Singapore with additional offices in San Francisco and Shanghai, reflecting a global reach while maintaining a regional focus on Asia.

Established in 2008, Softline Venture Partners is a corporate venture fund that invests across various technologies such as Edtech, HRTech, Cybersecurity, Cloud Services, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and Internet of Things. The firm has invested approximately US$35 million in over 20 portfolio companies, with investments ranging from $300 thousand to $3 million per project.

Inventure Partners is a Moscow-based venture capital firm founded in 2012 that provides equity backing to technology startups across seed through late stages. It targets online financial services, technology, marketing, digital media, mobile, internet software, B2B, and telecommunications, and invests in companies across Russia, the United States, the CIS, the United Kingdom, and other European markets. Typical commitments range from 0.5 million to 5 million dollars for enterprises valued between 1 and 50 million dollars. The firm usually takes a minority stake and a board seat, with an expected exit horizon of about five years, extendable by up to two years. It prefers opportunities with potential for an initial public offering within two to three years. Portfolio examples include Gett, American Well, and Busfor, illustrating involvement in on-demand services, telehealth, and transportation platforms.

Founded in 2019, Vershina Capital is a venture capital firm based in Nicosia, Cyprus. It invests in early-stage startups operating in innovative business models and growing markets, with a focus on online education (edtech), food technology (foodtech), e-commerce, and software as a service (SaaS) sectors.

Established by Moscow's Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Policy, this fund promotes venture investment in small enterprises with a focus on scientific and technical spheres.

Established by Vnesheconombank in 2011, VEB Ventures focuses on investing in high-tech projects aligned with Russian government innovation programs. Its strategic goals include supporting domestic innovation infrastructure, facilitating advanced technology transfers, and promoting Russian innovations globally.

AYR Capital is an independent private equity and venture capital firm established in 2014 and based in Moscow, Russia. The firm primarily focuses on investments across Eastern and Western Europe, including Russia and the CIS, targeting sectors such as real estate, fast-moving consumer goods, oil and gas, energy, information technology, and manufacturing. AYR Capital also offers financial advisory services and provides debt financing to companies and projects with growth potential. With years of experience and a proven track record, AYR Capital emphasizes a unified approach to risk management and income generation. The firm places significant importance on building strong relationships with its investors and portfolio companies to enhance value creation and ensure high-quality service delivery.

Waarde Capital is a private equity and venture capital firm that invests across the venture lifecycle, from seed and startup stages to growth and middle-market opportunities. It targets high-tech and digital economy sectors, including software, telecommunications, Internet, biotech, financial and information services, and industrial technologies, with a focus on deep tech and transformative industries such as new transportation, bioinformatics, new energy and green hydrogen. The firm operates globally, making investments in Europe, the United States, Israel, Africa, and Southeast Asia, and it has a propensity to deploy debt financing alongside equity. Waarde Capital often takes an active role in portfolio companies, typically serving on the board and acting as lead or sole investor, and it leverages the management experience of its partners to guide strategic development. The firm has a diversified fund base and emphasizes partnering with entrepreneurs to build value across markets.

Founded in Russia in 2016, TealTech Capital is a venture capital firm that invests in innovative startups with a focus on modern management practices and platform solutions. It supports projects across various sectors including medicine, health, education, retail, robotics, and agriculture.

Sistema Venture Capital is the venture capital arm of AFK Sistema, established in 2016 and headquartered in Moscow, Russia, with an additional office in London, United Kingdom. The firm specializes in investing in growth-stage technological companies and early-stage startups, primarily focusing on sectors such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, cognitive technologies, software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), internet of things, and virtual and augmented reality. Sistema Venture Capital aims to acquire both minority and controlling stakes, typically investing around $10 million in projects, to help establish market leaders within three to five years. The firm emphasizes its commitment to backing innovative internet and technology companies while avoiding investments in ventures where founders have lost control. Its investment strategy is global, targeting markets in the US, UK, Western Europe, Russia, Israel, and other CIS nations. Through its extensive network and expertise, Sistema VC provides support and mentorship to entrepreneurs, connecting them with valuable professionals and prospective partners.

RUSNANO Management Company LLC is a private equity and venture capital firm specializing direct and fund of funds investments. Within direct investments, the firm specializes in private equity and venture capital investments in middle market, late venture, later stage, emerging growth, and PIPEs. Within fund investments, it focuses on private equity and venture capital funds. Within direct investments, the firm prefers to invest in the scientific research sector, high-tech companies with a focus of at least 30% on nanosatellite projects and in new materials, engineering and instrumentation, metallurgy and metalworking, energy, construction, robotics, as well as biotechnology and nuclear medicine, opto- and nanoelectronics industries. solar energy and energy conservation, microelectronics, energy efficiency, robotic technology, information and communication technology, alternative energy, biomedicine, new materials, metalwork, biotechnology and medicine, electronics and mechanical engineering. It gives priority to projects that will establish new manufacturing facilities or broaden and modernize existing production. The firm invests in companies based in the Russian Federation. It seeks to invest in projects whose income in five years is forecasted at RUB250 million ($8.5 million) or greater. The firm also seeks to co-invest. It uses various modes of investment such as investment in owner’s equity of the project company, loans, credit guarantees, and leasing operations. RUSNANO Management Company LLC was founded on July 19, 2007 and is based in Moscow, Russian Federation with additional offices in Menlo Park, California and Herzliya Pituach, Israel. RUSNANO Management Company LLC operates as a subsidiary of JSC Rusnano.

Winter Capital Partners is a private equity and venture capital firm established in 2015 and based in Moscow City, Russia. The firm specializes in mid to late venture and growth capital investments, primarily in consumer technology, financial services, education, healthcare, and digital health sectors. It engages in global investments, typically allocating between $0.5 million and $5 million for venture capital and $10 million to $100 million for private equity. Winter Capital Partners generally takes minority stakes in venture capital investments and can hold both minority and controlling stakes in private equity deals. Additionally, the firm offers advisory services to its portfolio companies, leveraging its market expertise to support growth.

Skolkovo Ventures LLC is a venture capital and private equity firm based in Moscow, Russia, founded in 2017. The firm specializes in seed and growth capital investments, focusing on small, innovative technology companies. Its investment areas include the Internet of Things, fintech, virtual and augmented reality, robotics, unmanned technologies, intelligent power engineering, predictive analytics, artificial intelligence, big data, cybersecurity, digital agriculture technologies, additive manufacturing, new materials, and innovative food products. Skolkovo Ventures typically invests between RUB100 million and RUB200 million in each project, aiming to support the development of cutting-edge technologies and contribute to the growth of the venture ecosystem.

VTB Capital is a prominent player in the venture capital market in Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), focusing on investments in innovative technologies. The firm has supported over 30 companies in rapidly growing sectors such as cloud technologies, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, energy efficiency, e-commerce, and consumer internet. VTB Capital emphasizes the demand for unique technologies and innovative business models tailored to various industries. A significant aspect of their venture business is a long-term partnership with Draper Fisher Jurvetson, a leading global venture firm, which provides portfolio companies with essential global exposure and opportunities for international partnerships. VTB Capital recognizes the untapped potential of Russian technologies in the global economy and is optimistic about high-return startup opportunities emerging from leading scientific research institutions and pioneering IT companies in the region.

FINAM Global is a private equity and venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia, founded in 2004 by Victor Remsha. The firm specializes in investing in mid-sized technology companies across various stages, including seed, early, mid, and late venture, as well as buyouts. Its primary focus is on sectors such as technology, media, and telecommunications, with particular interest in areas like consumer Internet, e-commerce, online services, software production, and digital media. FINAM Global aims to acquire control positions or significant minority stakes in its portfolio companies, offering flexible financing solutions to support growth and operational development. The firm has also expanded its investment reach to include companies in Southeast Asia, the United States, and Europe.

Primer Capital is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia, specializing in early-stage investments in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. Established in 2015, the firm focuses on promising projects in areas such as oncology, cardiology, rheumatology, and medical devices, among others. Primer Capital typically invests between $0.2 million and $0.5 million and also considers co-investments, collaborating with various stakeholders, including other venture capital funds, business angels, and government agencies interested in the biopharmaceutical industry. The firm benefits from a qualified team and a Scientific Advisory Board made up of experts in medical and biopharmaceutical fields, which aids in the careful selection of projects for its portfolio. Primer Capital's extensive experience and knowledge of the industry ecosystem enhance the prospects for its portfolio companies, supporting them in establishing effective partnerships and facilitating fundraising throughout their development.

Klever Internet, founded in 2015 and based in Moscow, Russia, operated as a venture capital investment firm. The company focused on making investments across various stages of business development, demonstrating a stage-agnostic approach to venture capital. With a commitment to supporting innovative enterprises, Klever Internet aimed to foster growth and development in the technology sector.

Founded in 2016, Cabra.VC is a venture capital firm based in Limassol, Cyprus with additional offices in Moscow and Riga. It specializes in direct investments across growth stages, focusing on consumer, enterprise, technology, and software sectors, particularly SaaS, B2B, and subscription-based business models. The firm considers investments in India and the United States.

Bright Capital, established in 2010, is a global venture capital firm that invests in innovative, disruptive technology companies across various stages, from early to late-stage ventures and growth equity. With a unique merchant venturing approach, the firm has built a diverse portfolio spanning sectors such as energy, cleantech, efficiency, water, advanced materials, and TMT (telecom, media, technology).

Sistema SmartTech is an investment firm founded in 2020 and based in Moscow, Russia. As the corporate venture arm of Sistema, it specializes in early-stage investments in innovative Russian companies. The firm concentrates on high technology projects across various sectors, including IT in medicine, education, logistics, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. Sistema SmartTech aims to support the development of digital solutions and products that enhance efficiency and effectiveness in these industries.

RWM Capital Asset Management is a private equity and venture capital firm specializing in later stage, mature, mezzanine, buyouts, emerging growth, startups, early venture, and growth capital investments. It also specializes in mergers and acquisitions and diversifications. Within fund of fund, the firm prefers to invest in private equity, close ended, venture capital, and real estate funds. The firm primarily invests in the real estate sector including Office REITs; logistics, and investment funds. It also invests in companies operating in transportation, infrastructure, insurance, and other sectors. It focuses on companies operating on the territory of the Russian Federation. The firm exits investment in three to five years. It also launches and manages mutual fund for its clients. The company was founded in 2005 and is based in Moscow, Russian Federation. RWM Capital Asset Management operates as a subsidiary of RWM Capital Investment Group.

Run Capital is a venture capital firm founded in April 2014 by Russian businessman Andrey Romanenko, based in Moscow, Russia. The firm focuses on investing in technology startups, particularly within the information technology sector. Run Capital aims to support innovative companies by providing them with the necessary resources and capital to grow and develop their operations. Through its investments, the firm seeks to foster technological advancements and contribute to the startup ecosystem in Russia and beyond.

S-Group Capital Management Limited is a private equity and venture capital firm established in 2007 and headquartered in Moscow, Russia. The firm specialized in late venture, mature, and growth capital investments, focusing on sectors such as information technology, clean energy and new energy solutions, material sciences, biotechnology, and tourism and leisure. Although S-Group Capital Management is no longer actively investing, it played a significant role in supporting innovative ventures within these industries during its operational period.

PIK Ventures is a venture capital fund based in Moscow, Russia, dedicated to supporting early-stage founders and their teams. The firm focuses on building a strong community and takes calculated risks to nurture its portfolio companies throughout their entire lifecycle. PIK Ventures actively seeks out promising companies and invests in them regardless of location, providing substantial resources, guidance, and support to help them succeed in the long term.

Established in 2013, Impulse VC is a venture capital firm headquartered in Moscow, Russia. It invests in seed to series A-stage companies across various sectors, with a primary focus on adtech, B2B SaaS, proptech, and marketplaces.

Founded in 2011, Starta Ventures is a venture capital firm based in New York with an additional office in Moscow. It specializes in investing in early-stage companies, focusing on sectors such as B2B, Education and HR, Gaming and E-sports, LegalTech, FoodTech, and FinTech. The firm typically invests up to $0.5 million per project, acquiring minority stakes of up to 10%. It aims to participate actively in its portfolio companies.

Founded in Abu Dhabi in 2008, Mubadala Technology is a principal investment firm focusing on advanced technology sectors, with a primary focus on the semiconductor industry. It invests globally, including Abu Dhabi, Europe, the United States, and Asia.

Flashpoint is an international investment group focused on Western technology companies founded by expatriates from Emerging Europe and Israel. The firm manages multiple venture funds, including four venture capital funds, a venture debt fund, and a secondary fund, with assets under management around 500 million dollars. It serves a global investor base of more than 120 family offices and high-net-worth individuals. Flashpoint maintains offices in London, Tel Aviv, Budapest, Warsaw, Riga, and Nicosia, and has backed more than 50 portfolio companies, with notable exits such as Shazam to Apple and Chess.com to the PokerStars founders and General Atlantic.

I2BF Global Ventures, established in 2005, is an international venture capital firm with a global investment mandate. It focuses on investing in innovative companies across SaaS, Hardware Enabled B2B solutions (AI, IoT, AR, VR, robotics, RPA & automation), Digital Healthcare, and New Media sectors. With over $400M under management and offices in New York, London, and Los Angeles, the firm has successfully backed 60+ startups and exited 12 companies since its first investment in 2006.

Da Vinci Capital Management is a private equity and venture capital firm founded in 2007 that focuses on alternative investments, growth capital, buyouts, startups and various venture stages. The firm targets sectors including financial services, fintech, financial infrastructure, payment processing, IT services, software, business services, consumer services, technology, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and information technology. It pursues opportunities in Russia, the CEE region with a strong presence in the United States and Europe, and other emerging European markets, and typically invests between $5 million and $100 million in companies with enterprise values of $100 million to $1 billion. The firm seeks significant minority stakes, and in some cases controlling stakes to meet strategic objectives, aiming for active control with co-investors in buyouts or minority control with a board seat in larger companies. Exits are pursued via strategic sales, secondary sales, or IPOs. Da Vinci Capital Management was founded in 2007 and is based in Guernsey, with offices in London, Moscow, and Nur-Sultan.

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development finances projects and provides advisory services to the public and private sectors. It supports new ventures and expansion in existing companies through project financing, loans, and equity or quasi-equity investments, including equity funds and guarantees, and it partners with private entities to invest across sectors such as banking, energy, manufacturing, infrastructure, information technology, and services. The bank also helps publicly owned entities privatize and restructure municipal services and engages in policy reform dialogue and advisory services, along with trade finance and loan syndication. Founded in 1990 and headquartered in London, it operates across regions including Southeastern and Central Europe, the Baltic States, Eastern Europe and the Caucasus, Central Asia, and parts of the Middle East and Africa, aiming to foster market-oriented change and private sector development by mobilizing capital for sustainable investments. It has invested more than €130 billion in over 5,200 projects.

Founded in 2005, Altair Capital is a venture capital firm based in San Francisco. It invests in early and growth-stage startup companies across various sectors, with a focus on disruptive ideas and high return potential.

ZGI Capital, established in 2005, is a Latvian-based private equity and venture capital firm. It specializes in early to late-stage investments, focusing primarily on Fintech, with a secondary focus on industries such as metalworking, food, woodworking, logistics, IT, engineering, and retail. The firm invests in the Baltics and CIS countries, typically committing between €0.5 million to €1 million, and up to €5.7 million with additional financing. ZGI Capital prefers equity investments, usually taking a minority stake of up to 49%, and has an investment term of three to six years. It exits through stake sales to other investors. The firm manages the ZGI Fund, with EUR 7.4M in assets, which can facilitate projects up to EUR 30M with bank financing. ZGI Capital supports entrepreneurs lacking start-up capital and acts on behalf of various investors, including the State.

Acrobator Ventures is a venture capital firm headquartered in Amsterdam with additional operations in Kyiv and Tbilisi, backing technology founders from pre-seed to growth stages. The firm focuses on software-driven companies across Western and Eastern Europe, the United States, and CIS regions, supporting ventures that provide infrastructure, AI and ML capabilities, fintech, data services, cybersecurity, and market-enabled platforms. Sectors of interest include SaaS, big data, education technology, advertising and marketing technology, e-commerce, and human resource technology, among others. Acrobator emphasizes leveraging founders' networks, data access, and market access to accelerate growth and cross-border expansion, particularly bridging Eastern and Western markets. Typical investment sizes range from roughly €0.05 million to €0.5 million in early rounds, with a broader scope to participate in subsequent stages as needed. The firm seeks to partner with ambitious teams building scalable technologies and solutions that address global digital economy needs.

Founded in 2017, Overkill Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Riga, Latvia. It focuses on investing in pre-seed stage startups and helping them achieve product-market fit, with a preference for business-to-business tech startups across the Baltics, Nordics, CEE & CIS regions.

Target Germanium GmbH is a private equity and venture capital firm specializing in early stage start-ups, early, mid, and late venture stages, emerging growth, growth capital, and secondary transaction investments. The firm also invests in Series B, Series C and later stage opportunities (both primary and secondary) and seed stage focusing on late seed and early Series A investments. It does not invest in online media or social networks. The firm seeks to invest in the digital consumer sector including disruptive tech companies, Adtech, digital-enabled B2C and B2 SMB companies in finTech, internet of things, cyber security, travel, e-commerce, market places, mobile, software and services, and online services. It typically invests globally with a particular focus on European Developed Markets, Germany, Israel, Russia, and the United States. The firm invests between $1 million and $30 million in companies with enterprise values between $5 million and $500 million. For Series B it invests between $5 million and $30 million per deal and for seed stage it invests between $0.2 million and $0.5 million per deal. The firm prefers to invest in businesses where most of the revenues are expected to come from B to C segment. The firm can provide equity, offer convertible debt or buy secondary interests. Target Germanium GmbH, formerly known as Target Ventures, was founded in 2012 and is based in Berlin, Germany with additional offices in Europe, North America and Asia.

Founded in 2000, RTP Global is a venture capital firm specializing in early-stage technology investments. With offices in New York, London, and Bangalore, the company supports young companies globally with strategic know-how and a broad network. Notable successes include Yandex, EPAM, Delivery Hero, RingCentral, Datadog, and Ozon.

AddVenture is a venture capital firm founded in 2008 and based in Limassol, Cyprus. It operates as an international investor, managing venture funds that typically target early-stage rounds with investments ranging from 0.3–5 million. The firm concentrates on sectors including horizontal marketplaces, vertically integrated services, food tech, and health tech, and has extended activity into home services and medical sectors through its funds. AddVenture supports portfolio companies with capital and guidance to scale operations and expand market reach, aiming to back startups that span consumer platforms, service delivery, and tech-enabled solutions.

Founded in late 2008, Kite Ventures is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia. It specializes in investing in early-stage startups, primarily focusing on high technology and internet investments across Europe.

RSV Venture Partners is a New York-based venture capital firm and startup incubator focused on early-stage investments in the Russian high-tech sector. The firm aims to identify and support innovative business ideas by providing essential resources, mentorship, and hands-on assistance to entrepreneurs. Recognizing the gap in entrepreneurial expertise within Russia's scientific and academic communities, RSV Venture Partners offers young startups more than just financial backing; it emphasizes the importance of guidance from experienced mentors. These mentors, who come from diverse backgrounds such as successful business leaders and technology experts, assist startups in various aspects, including business planning, model selection, and investor engagement. The mentorship program is designed to improve the chances of success for emerging companies by facilitating not only introductions to potential investors but also by enhancing their pitching skills and negotiation strategies. Ultimately, RSV Venture Partners seeks to empower entrepreneurs to launch and build successful businesses in a challenging environment.

Founded by Gazprom Neft, Gazprombank, Russian Venture Company (RVC), and VEB Innovations, New Industry Ventures focuses on investing in technology companies developing new materials, products, and services for the oil and gas industry, petrochemicals, energy sector, and alternative energies. The fund aims to promote high-tech products in Russia, support innovative startups, and implement resource-saving technologies.

Founded in 2019, Unicorn Capital Partners is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia. It focuses on Series A and B investments in breakthrough therapeutics, diagnostics, devices, and medical IT sectors to address unmet medical needs.

Singulariteam Ltd. is a venture capital firm founded in 2012 and headquartered in Tel Aviv, Israel, with additional offices in Moscow, Auckland, Almaty, and Singapore. The firm specializes in early-stage investments, primarily targeting companies within the Fintech sector and advanced technology industries, including artificial intelligence, robotics, augmented reality, virtual reality, and nanotechnology. Singulariteam is recognized for its role as a super angel investor, focusing on innovative and disruptive technologies. The firm emphasizes the synergy between people and technology, leveraging the expertise of its team to quickly assess the potential of visionary entrepreneurs and their ideas. Singulariteam is committed to fostering long-term partnerships from the outset, providing continuous involvement and high-level professional support to its portfolio companies.

Founded in 2013, SMRK is a venture capital firm based in Kyiv, Ukraine. It specializes in early-stage investments, focusing on information technology startups across various sectors such as software for mobile OS, offline business' online presence, B2C services, and B2B services.

Binomial Ventures is a Moscow-based investment firm that specializes in fintech and cybersecurity sectors. The firm focuses on early to medium stage companies, primarily investing in Europe and North America. In addition to fintech and cybersecurity, Binomial Ventures also explores opportunities in the artificial intelligence sector, seeking to support innovative companies in these rapidly evolving industries.

Integer.pl Group is one of the most successful private postal groups in Europe. In only 3 years, the InPost parcel lockers technology can be found in the following countries: Australia, Chile, Great Britain, Italy, Ireland, Iceland, Lithuania, Latvia, Ukraine, Estonia, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Cyprus, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Guatemala. By offering a unique customer experience to its users, as illustrated by an NPS (NET PROMOTER SCORE, as for February 19th) of 89%, Integer.pl Group aims to build a strong global footprint in the global logistics sector. The innovative nature of the InPost parcel locker solution was confirmed by a number of awards that the Group has won, including World Mail Awards 2013, Retail Innovation of the year (2013), Delivery Innovation Excellence UK (2014).

Equity Algorithm is a venture capital firm based in Moscow, Russia, founded in 2018. It focuses on investments in environmental, social, and governance-compliant projects, cleantech, technology, and related commercial services. The firm seeks opportunities that promote sustainable growth and innovation, targeting early-stage to growth-stage ventures across industries that benefit from cleaner technologies and responsible governance.