Breakthrough Energy

Mangrove Lithium, based in Vancouver, has developed a modular and scalable refining technology for the efficient production of battery-grade lithium hydroxide and carbonate from a variety of input streams. This innovative platform allows for the direct conversion of lithium chloride and lithium sulfate into high-quality lithium products. The technology can be adapted to different capacities and is designed to be co-located with upstream lithium producers, as well as cathode and cell manufacturers. Additionally, Mangrove’s platform is being commercialized for the conversion of waste brines into valuable chemicals and desalinated water, contributing to more sustainable practices in the lithium supply chain.

LuxWall is a building materials company that pioneers the design and manufacture of vacuum-insulated glass. LuxWall produces glass that acts as transparent insulation, providing thermal insulation values comparable to fiberglass wall insulation. With widespread adoption, LuxWall's patented technology has the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by more than 0.5 gigatonnes per year. The company was founded in 2020 and is headquartered in Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States.

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

Arkea Bio develops technology to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the agricultural industry.

Windfall Bio is a company focused on developing a sustainable technology that captures and transforms methane emissions into organic fertilizer, addressing significant environmental issues associated with methane and synthetic fertilizers. Founded in 2022 and based in San Mateo, California, Windfall Bio utilizes methane-eating microbes to convert methane from various sources, including agriculture, oil and gas, and waste management, into valuable soil nutrients. This innovative solution not only helps industries reduce their methane footprint but also enhances operational efficiency and profitability, benefiting the planet and consumers alike. The company is backed by prominent venture capital firms, demonstrating strong investor confidence in its mission to tackle climate change through nature-based agricultural technology.

Mission Zero specializes in developing direct air capture technology that effectively removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and concentrates it for various sequestration pathways. The company's innovative system allows for the efficient recovery of historic carbon dioxide at any scale. By utilizing a process that involves pulling air into a device and dissolving the carbon in a water solvent, Mission Zero can release the carbon as gas through electrodialysis. This technology not only facilitates the production of low-energy and clean carbon dioxide but also aims to provide affordable carbon capture services, contributing to an environment with reduced air pollution.

Lilac Solutions, Inc. is a mining technology company focused on lithium extraction, providing innovative technology and services to lithium producers. The company specializes in ion exchange beads and continuous brine processing systems, which enable the efficient production of high-purity lithium solutions from various brine resources. This technology, grounded in ion-exchange theory, allows lithium producers to enhance project development, improve lithium recovery rates, and optimize operational efficiency while also minimizing costs and environmental impact. Lilac Solutions serves industries such as electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. Incorporated in 2015, the company is headquartered in Oakland, California.

Equilibrium Energy operates at the intersection of grid variability, market volatility, economic optimization, commercial structuring, trading, and risk management, across the end-to-end power value chain. Their ambition is to become a next-generation clean power company that reshapes the energy industry. They address inquiries through online applications.

Malta is a provider of industrial-grade, grid-scale energy storage solutions. The Malta system collects and stores inexpensive and abundant renewable and fossil energy, and dispatches it as needed to the grid to enable the affordable and reliable delivery of electricity on demand. Incubated at X, the Moonshot Factory (formerly Google [x]), and funded by leading venture capital and commercial power industry companies

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

Boston Metal is a metallurgy company focused on reducing the carbon footprint of steel production through its innovative Molten Oxide Electrolysis (MOE) technology. Established in 2012 as a spin-off from MIT, the company has developed an industrial-scale solution that enables the efficient and cost-effective production of a diverse range of metals and alloys. Utilizing an electrolytic cell, Boston Metal processes raw iron ore to create ferroalloys, which are essential for producing various grades of steel. The company's advancements in MOE technology have resulted in a significant scaling of production capabilities, achieving a 1,000-fold increase and generating thousands of kilograms of metal. Headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts, Boston Metal aims to provide a greener alternative for the metal industry by leveraging its unique process and a variety of feedstocks.

Equilibrium Energy operates at the intersection of grid variability, market volatility, economic optimization, commercial structuring, trading, and risk management, across the end-to-end power value chain. Their ambition is to become a next-generation clean power company that reshapes the energy industry. They address inquiries through online applications.

Dioxycle focuses on developing innovative technology for the conversion of carbon dioxide emissions into valuable chemical products. The company utilizes electricity-driven processes to transform carbon dioxide into a resource, enabling the production of everyday items while reducing reliance on fossil feedstocks like carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrocarbons. By offering solutions for industrial carbon dioxide emissions, Dioxycle aims to contribute to environmental sustainability and the transition towards cleaner energy sources.

Aeroseal specializes in duct sealing technology focused on reducing carbon emissions from buildings. The company utilizes a non-toxic, water-based formula to effectively seal gaps in the building envelope, air ducts, and vents. By addressing these vulnerabilities, Aeroseal enhances the comfort and health of residential and commercial spaces while simultaneously promoting a cleaner environment.

CarbonCure Technologies Inc. offers innovative technology that allows concrete producers to sequester waste carbon dioxide (CO2) into their products, effectively transforming it into a solid mineral during the concrete manufacturing process. By sourcing CO2 from industrial emitters, the company enables manufacturers to create greener and stronger concrete without compromising on quality or price. This retrofit technology not only enhances the performance characteristics of traditional concrete but also helps producers tap into the growing green building market. CarbonCure's solutions are designed to provide material, environmental, and production advantages while reducing the overall carbon footprint associated with concrete production. The company, incorporated in 2007 and headquartered in Dartmouth, Canada, also supports its clients with marketing and environmental reporting services to strengthen their competitive position in the industry.

KoBold Metals operates as an AI-powered mineral exploration company focused on discovering materials essential for the electric vehicle and renewable energy sectors. The company utilizes advanced software that aggregates and structures extensive scientific datasets, including geochemical, geophysical, and geological information. By applying various analytical techniques such as ensemble machine learning and computer vision, KoBold predicts subsurface compositions in a statistically valid manner. This innovative approach enhances the exploration efficiency for mineral resources, particularly cobalt, which is crucial for the electric vehicle industry. By merging ore-deposit science with big data and scientific computing, KoBold Metals aims to identify new sources of cobalt and support the sustainable supply chain for emerging technologies.

CubicPV is a solar manufacturing company that focuses on producing wafers and tandem modules using advanced silicon and perovskite technologies. The company develops innovative semiconductor combinations for tandem modules, which enhance energy harvesting by utilizing two different light absorbers, thus improving efficiency across a broader spectrum of sunlight. This technology aims to reduce the cost of solar electricity to be competitive with conventional energy sources, such as coal. By manufacturing silicon wafers directly from the silicon melt, CubicPV streamlines the production process, eliminating several steps and effectively doubling the yield. This approach not only lowers the cost of clean electricity but also minimizes the carbon footprint associated with solar panel production, supporting the growing global demand for sustainable energy solutions.

VEIR is a company developing a new approach to using high-temperature superconductors for electricity transmission. Its passive evaporative cryogenic cooling delivers 20 times the cooling power per kilogram of nitrogen flow compared to mechanical subcooling.

Type One Energy Group is dedicated to delivering sustainable and affordable fusion power. Established in 2019 by a team of renowned fusion scientists and experienced business leaders, the company focuses on developing advanced stellarator fusion energy systems. Utilizing proven manufacturing techniques, modern computational physics, and high-field superconducting magnets, Type One Energy aims to create optimized reactor designs. Its FusionDirect development program seeks to establish a fusion power plant within the next decade through a low-risk, efficient approach that emphasizes partnerships and capital efficiency. By advancing fusion technology, Type One Energy aspires to provide reliable and abundant power to meet global energy demands.

Windfall Bio is a company focused on developing a sustainable technology that captures and transforms methane emissions into organic fertilizer, addressing significant environmental issues associated with methane and synthetic fertilizers. Founded in 2022 and based in San Mateo, California, Windfall Bio utilizes methane-eating microbes to convert methane from various sources, including agriculture, oil and gas, and waste management, into valuable soil nutrients. This innovative solution not only helps industries reduce their methane footprint but also enhances operational efficiency and profitability, benefiting the planet and consumers alike. The company is backed by prominent venture capital firms, demonstrating strong investor confidence in its mission to tackle climate change through nature-based agricultural technology.

ClearFlame Engines, Inc. is a company that develops and manufactures engines specifically designed for heavy-duty applications, including markets such as marine, agriculture, transportation, power generation, rail, and construction. Founded in 2016 and headquartered in Woodridge, Illinois, ClearFlame has created a patented system that replaces traditional diesel engines, aiming to decarbonize heavy-duty engines while reducing operating costs. This innovative technology allows heavy-duty engine manufacturers to produce engines that offer higher performance and fuel cost savings, addressing the challenges posed by reliance on diesel fuel.

Stratus Materials is a developer and manufacturer of advanced cathode active materials specifically designed for lithium-ion batteries. The company specializes in manganese-rich, cobalt-free materials, which provide a favorable balance of performance, safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. By focusing on these innovative materials, Stratus Materials aims to enhance the performance of electric vehicle batteries and support the growing demand for efficient energy storage solutions.

Rumin8 is focused on addressing methane emissions from livestock, a significant contributor to climate change, accounting for 3.7% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The company has developed a technology that reduces methane emissions from cattle by up to 95% by transforming natural anti-methane compounds found in plants into dietary supplements for livestock. This innovation not only decreases emissions but also enhances the efficiency of animal digestion and provides more energy for growth. Rumin8 aims to decarbonize millions of cattle worldwide, thereby advancing the global food system towards a more sustainable and climate-friendly future.

LuxWall is a building materials company that pioneers the design and manufacture of vacuum-insulated glass. LuxWall produces glass that acts as transparent insulation, providing thermal insulation values comparable to fiberglass wall insulation. With widespread adoption, LuxWall's patented technology has the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by more than 0.5 gigatonnes per year. The company was founded in 2020 and is headquartered in Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States.

Kodama Systems specializes in developing technology aimed at restoring forests and enhancing forest management practices. The company's innovative solutions are designed to streamline in-field operations and increase the resilience of forests, ultimately contributing to carbon sequestration. By employing a comprehensive approach, Kodama Systems improves productivity in forest thinning and facilitates greater access to labor. Their technology provides valuable feedback and insights through simulations, on-equipment functionality, teleoperation, and integration testing. This enables industries such as construction and mining to effectively tackle the climate challenges posed by wildfires and carbon emissions.

Arkea Bio develops technology to cut greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the agricultural industry.

Dandelion Energy, Inc., founded in 2017 and based in Palo Alto, California, specializes in providing affordable geothermal heating and cooling installations. The company has developed a home geothermal system that replaces traditional air conditioning and heating equipment with an efficient heat pump and safe underground pipes. This system harnesses thermal energy from the earth to regulate indoor temperatures and produce hot water, allowing homeowners to transition from conventional heating fuels to a more sustainable geothermal solution. Dandelion Energy aims to make renewable energy accessible and cost-effective for residential customers.

Operator of a SaaS platform intended to accelerate the decarbonization of physical commodity sectors. The company's platform helps to find profitable and sustainable locations for the deployment of zero and low greenhouse gas industrial technologies, enabling companies and businesses to reduce greenhouse gas emissions trajectories and have cost-effective access to unique market insights.

RIFTis a startup on a mission towards a sustainable future that is powered by clean and renewable energy.

Molten Industries focuses on developing clean technology aimed at decarbonizing the hydrogen market. The company provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for hydrogen production, which allows chemical and heavy industries to significantly reduce their carbon emissions. Through its innovative solutions, Molten Industries contributes to the transition towards sustainable energy practices.

Electra is dedicated to reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the iron and steel production industry through innovative electrochemical and hydrometallurgical processes. The company has developed alternative steelmaking technology that aims to electrify and decarbonize the production process, allowing for the creation of low-carbon clean iron from various ores. By utilizing renewable energy sources, Electra enables steel producers to lower energy intensity and costs, contributing to a more sustainable approach to steelmaking.

Blue World Technologies is a developer and manufacturer specializing in methanol fuel cell components and systems aimed at the automotive, heavy-duty transportation, and stationary application sectors. Founded in Aalborg, Nordjylland in 2018 by Mads Friis Jensen, Mads Bang, and Anders Korsgaard, the company focuses on providing energy-efficient and sustainable alternatives to traditional combustion engines and diesel generators. By utilizing high-temperature PEM technology combined with methanol reforming, Blue World Technologies enables its clients to establish development and manufacturing operations in strategic markets, thereby optimizing supply chains and enhancing customer proximity. The company is committed to advancing methanol fuel cell technology on a global scale.

Fervo Energy, founded in 2017 and based in San Francisco, California, specializes in the development and commercialization of next-generation geothermal power technology. The company focuses on owning, developing, and operating geothermal assets to generate clean, carbon-free energy in new locations. By leveraging innovations in geoscience, Fervo Energy aims to accelerate the transition to a sustainable energy future, positioning itself as a key player in the evolution of the electric grid. Its proprietary technology serves as a dispatchable foundation for achieving a fully clean energy system, enabling clients to enhance productivity and scalability in energy production.

Terabase Energy, Inc. is a company specializing in automation and digital solutions for utility-scale solar projects. Founded in 2019 and headquartered in Berkeley, California, with an additional office in Melbourne, Australia, Terabase offers a cloud-based artificial intelligence platform that facilitates collaboration on digital project models. The company’s proprietary software is utilized by over 400 entities, including engineering, procurement, and construction firms, developers, and independent power producers across 28 countries. By providing technical advisory and engineering services, Terabase aims to reduce costs and accelerate the deployment of large solar projects, thereby enhancing scalability and efficiency in the solar energy sector.

Blue Frontier, founded in 2018 and based in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, focuses on innovative air conditioning systems that prioritize sustainability, comfort, and energy efficiency. The company has developed technology that significantly reduces energy consumption compared to traditional air conditioning systems. By integrating energy storage capabilities, Blue Frontier's air conditioners can optimize electricity usage, drawing power during periods of high renewable energy availability without compromising cooling performance. This approach allows customers to benefit from reduced energy bills and supports new HVAC-as-a-Service business models. The systems are designed to require less than half the electricity of conventional air conditioners, contributing to overall energy savings and a reduced environmental impact.

ReMo Energy is a manufacturer that specializes in industrial materials, focusing on the development of distributed scale green ammonia plants. These facilities produce nitrogen fertilizers using renewable electricity, air, and water, thereby replacing traditional fossil fuel methods. Employing predictive modeling and innovative vegetation development techniques, ReMo Energy harnesses local renewable energy sources to create green chemicals. This approach not only addresses the ammonia market's challenges related to food security and climate change but also optimizes the utilization of intermittent renewable energy resources.

H2SITE is a company focused on developing renewable technologies for on-site hydrogen production. Its innovative systems and membranes are designed to facilitate high efficiency and purity in hydrogen generation, particularly for applications such as separation and ammonia cracking. H2SITE's compact technology not only optimizes the production of low-carbon hydrogen but also enhances the viability of hydrogen transport, thereby unlocking opportunities in the global hydrogen market. By enabling businesses to produce hydrogen on-site, H2SITE helps reduce transportation costs and minimizes energy waste, positioning itself as a key player in the transition to sustainable energy solutions.

Fleetzero, established in 2021 in Auburn, Alabama, is focused on developing a fleet of battery-electric cargo ships aimed at decarbonizing ocean freight. The company designs zero-emission vessels that can be constructed affordably in domestic shipyards, allowing operations in regulated markets where local shipbuilding is required. These electric ships promise lower operational costs and improved reliability compared to traditional fossil-fuel vessels, providing clients with an efficient and sustainable alternative for marine transportation. By facilitating significant reductions in fuel, maintenance, and crew expenses, Fleetzero seeks to transform the freight industry while adhering to environmental standards.

C-Zero is a hard-tech startup based in Santa Barbara, California, focused on developing innovative technology to decarbonize natural gas. The company utilizes high-temperature catalytic systems to decompose methane, the main component of natural gas, into hydrogen and solid carbon. This process aims to eliminate carbon dioxide emissions associated with energy production. C-Zero's hydrogen can be applied across various industries, including ammonia production, electric generation, process heating, and fuel cell vehicles, potentially addressing up to 75% of global CO2 emissions. By providing a solution for energy companies to reduce their emissions while maintaining low-cost energy availability, C-Zero is positioned to make a significant impact on climate change and energy sustainability.

Turntide focuses on advancing sustainable technologies aimed at reducing energy consumption and operational costs across various sectors, including buildings, agriculture, and electric transport. Founded in 2013 and based in Sunnyvale, California, the company has created an innovative electric motor system that utilizes switched reluctance technology, managed through sophisticated cloud software. This system is designed to address the significant energy waste associated with traditional electric motors, which account for a substantial portion of global electricity consumption. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities, Turntide's solutions enable clients to achieve significant savings in energy costs related to space conditioning, maintenance, and refrigeration, thereby promoting a transition to 100% renewable energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Zap Energy, Inc., founded in 2017 and headquartered in Seattle, Washington, specializes in the design and manufacture of sheared-flow stabilized Z-Pinch fusion reactors for power generation. The company’s innovative technology utilizes electric currents to create magnetic fields that confine and compress plasma, enabling efficient energy production through nuclear fusion. This approach offers a low-carbon, cost-effective, and flexible power source while requiring less capital investment compared to traditional fusion methods. By focusing on compact and scalable fusion technology, Zap Energy aims to advance sustainable energy solutions and improve the economics of fusion energy.

Mangrove Lithium, based in Vancouver, has developed a modular and scalable refining technology for the efficient production of battery-grade lithium hydroxide and carbonate from a variety of input streams. This innovative platform allows for the direct conversion of lithium chloride and lithium sulfate into high-quality lithium products. The technology can be adapted to different capacities and is designed to be co-located with upstream lithium producers, as well as cathode and cell manufacturers. Additionally, Mangrove’s platform is being commercialized for the conversion of waste brines into valuable chemicals and desalinated water, contributing to more sustainable practices in the lithium supply chain.

Mission Zero specializes in developing direct air capture technology that effectively removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and concentrates it for various sequestration pathways. The company's innovative system allows for the efficient recovery of historic carbon dioxide at any scale. By utilizing a process that involves pulling air into a device and dissolving the carbon in a water solvent, Mission Zero can release the carbon as gas through electrodialysis. This technology not only facilitates the production of low-energy and clean carbon dioxide but also aims to provide affordable carbon capture services, contributing to an environment with reduced air pollution.

Brimstone is a company that has developed a carbon-negative process for producing ordinary Portland cement and supplementary cementitious material. Founded in 2019 and based in Oakland, California, Brimstone's innovative technology employs carbon-free calcium silicate rock instead of traditional limestone, resulting in a product that matches the performance of conventional materials while remaining cost-competitive at scale. This advancement aims to provide the construction industry with a cleaner and more sustainable alternative to traditional cement production methods.

Heirloom specializes in direct air capture technology aimed at enhancing the natural absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The company's innovative system accelerates the ability of limestone to capture CO2, allowing for its permanent storage underground. By operating on renewable energy, Heirloom's technology promotes carbon capture and utilization at a large scale, with the goal of removing significant amounts of atmospheric CO2. This approach not only minimizes secondary impacts but also supports clients in restoring the atmosphere through natural processes.

Antora Energy specializes in providing zero-carbon industrial heat and power solutions for heavy industries, aiming to replace fossil fuels with cleaner alternatives. The company has developed innovative thermal batteries that utilize excess electricity generated from solar and wind sources. These batteries store thermal energy by heating blocks of carbon, which can then be used to produce reliable power and heat. By integrating renewable resources into the electricity grid, Antora enables industries to achieve sustainable and dependable energy solutions while significantly reducing carbon emissions.

KoBold Metals operates as an AI-powered mineral exploration company focused on discovering materials essential for the electric vehicle and renewable energy sectors. The company utilizes advanced software that aggregates and structures extensive scientific datasets, including geochemical, geophysical, and geological information. By applying various analytical techniques such as ensemble machine learning and computer vision, KoBold predicts subsurface compositions in a statistically valid manner. This innovative approach enhances the exploration efficiency for mineral resources, particularly cobalt, which is crucial for the electric vehicle industry. By merging ore-deposit science with big data and scientific computing, KoBold Metals aims to identify new sources of cobalt and support the sustainable supply chain for emerging technologies.

Verdox is dedicated to reversing climate change through the development and deployment of advanced technology. The company’s proprietary electro-swing process, developed at MIT, enables carbon dioxide and other acid gases to be captured with up to 80% less energy and 70% less cost than conventional approaches.

Sustaera, founded in 2021 and based in Cary, North Carolina, specializes in direct air capture technology that effectively removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The company's innovative approach utilizes renewable energy and leverages existing supply chains to offer low-cost and scalable carbon removal systems. Sustaera aims to provide clients worldwide with solutions that not only remove carbon but also allow for its replacement and reuse, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future. Their technology is adaptable to various environments, including grasslands, arid deserts, and tropical savannas, facilitating its deployment across diverse geographical regions.

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

Mangrove Lithium, based in Vancouver, has developed a modular and scalable refining technology for the efficient production of battery-grade lithium hydroxide and carbonate from a variety of input streams. This innovative platform allows for the direct conversion of lithium chloride and lithium sulfate into high-quality lithium products. The technology can be adapted to different capacities and is designed to be co-located with upstream lithium producers, as well as cathode and cell manufacturers. Additionally, Mangrove’s platform is being commercialized for the conversion of waste brines into valuable chemicals and desalinated water, contributing to more sustainable practices in the lithium supply chain.

ClearFlame Engines, Inc. is a company that develops and manufactures engines specifically designed for heavy-duty applications, including markets such as marine, agriculture, transportation, power generation, rail, and construction. Founded in 2016 and headquartered in Woodridge, Illinois, ClearFlame has created a patented system that replaces traditional diesel engines, aiming to decarbonize heavy-duty engines while reducing operating costs. This innovative technology allows heavy-duty engine manufacturers to produce engines that offer higher performance and fuel cost savings, addressing the challenges posed by reliance on diesel fuel.

ESS is a long-duration energy storage company that specializes in iron flow battery technology, providing solutions for commercial, industrial, utility, microgrid, and off-grid applications. Established in 2011, ESS aims to support a future powered by clean and reliable energy. The company utilizes an innovative energy management system that features a safe and non-toxic iron-electrolyte combined with a patented flow cell design. This approach allows ESS to deliver high-performance energy storage at a lower cost, making its technology suitable for a wide range of applications from retail energy management to utility-scale renewable energy integration. With a team experienced in distributed power generation and energy storage technologies, ESS is well-positioned to contribute to the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.

Lilac Solutions, Inc. is a mining technology company focused on lithium extraction, providing innovative technology and services to lithium producers. The company specializes in ion exchange beads and continuous brine processing systems, which enable the efficient production of high-purity lithium solutions from various brine resources. This technology, grounded in ion-exchange theory, allows lithium producers to enhance project development, improve lithium recovery rates, and optimize operational efficiency while also minimizing costs and environmental impact. Lilac Solutions serves industries such as electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. Incorporated in 2015, the company is headquartered in Oakland, California.

LuxWall is a building materials company that pioneers the design and manufacture of vacuum-insulated glass. LuxWall produces glass that acts as transparent insulation, providing thermal insulation values comparable to fiberglass wall insulation. With widespread adoption, LuxWall's patented technology has the potential to reduce global carbon emissions by more than 0.5 gigatonnes per year. The company was founded in 2020 and is headquartered in Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States.

M2X Energy is a technology company focused on converting methane into valuable products, particularly through its automated gas-to-product systems. The company employs a non-catalytic, partial-oxidation reformer approach to produce low-carbon methanol from various methane-rich feedstocks, such as landfill gas, biogas, and well gas. By minimizing gas flaring, M2X Energy aims to reduce environmental impact and provide essential climate services, enabling businesses to transform waste natural gas into useful products while contributing to climate protection efforts.

Redwood Materials, Inc. specializes in the development of innovative recycling processes aimed at creating circular supply chains for lithium-ion batteries and other electronic products. Founded by JB Straubel and based in Carson City, Nevada, the company focuses on recovering valuable materials such as lithium, nickel, copper, cobalt, and other metals from end-of-life batteries and electronics. Redwood receives approximately 10 GWh of batteries annually for recycling, which are refined and remanufactured into essential anode and cathode materials. The company is actively working to scale its production capacity to 100 GWh annually by 2025, sufficient to produce over one million electric vehicles each year. By emphasizing sustainable practices, Redwood Materials aims to reduce the environmental impact of battery production and support the growth of the electric vehicle and renewable energy storage markets.

Natel Energy, Inc. develops and sells restoration hydro turbines (RHTs) designed for low head settings to generate renewable electricity from various water sources, including existing low dams, irrigation canals, and streams. These turbines can be installed in existing infrastructure, improving the efficiency of older units and ensuring compliance with environmental standards. The company also offers digital services that enhance operational efficiency and reduce risks for hydropower stakeholders, utilizing machine learning and remote sensing technologies. Additionally, Natel Energy provides HydroForecast, which employs satellite imagery and advanced modeling to deliver accurate hydrological forecasts. Founded in 2005 and based in Alameda, California, Natel Energy aims to support the transition to sustainable energy through innovative hydropower solutions that contribute to a low-carbon grid.

Turntide focuses on advancing sustainable technologies aimed at reducing energy consumption and operational costs across various sectors, including buildings, agriculture, and electric transport. Founded in 2013 and based in Sunnyvale, California, the company has created an innovative electric motor system that utilizes switched reluctance technology, managed through sophisticated cloud software. This system is designed to address the significant energy waste associated with traditional electric motors, which account for a substantial portion of global electricity consumption. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities, Turntide's solutions enable clients to achieve significant savings in energy costs related to space conditioning, maintenance, and refrigeration, thereby promoting a transition to 100% renewable energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

CubicPV is a solar manufacturing company that focuses on producing wafers and tandem modules using advanced silicon and perovskite technologies. The company develops innovative semiconductor combinations for tandem modules, which enhance energy harvesting by utilizing two different light absorbers, thus improving efficiency across a broader spectrum of sunlight. This technology aims to reduce the cost of solar electricity to be competitive with conventional energy sources, such as coal. By manufacturing silicon wafers directly from the silicon melt, CubicPV streamlines the production process, eliminating several steps and effectively doubling the yield. This approach not only lowers the cost of clean electricity but also minimizes the carbon footprint associated with solar panel production, supporting the growing global demand for sustainable energy solutions.

Electric Hydrogen is a company focused on developing low-cost, high-efficiency, fossil-free hydrogen systems aimed at decarbonizing industrial sectors such as ammonia and steel production, which are significant contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. By rethinking electrolysis, Electric Hydrogen seeks to make clean hydrogen competitive with traditional, fossil-fuel-based hydrogen in terms of cost and scalability. The company's advanced PEM technology utilizes low-cost renewable electricity to produce clean hydrogen gas, thereby helping industries reduce their reliance on fossil fuels and minimize pollution. With a leadership team experienced in transformative clean energy companies, Electric Hydrogen is positioned to address current challenges in efficiency and cost, contributing to the goal of a zero-emission industrial sector in the near future.

Aeroseal specializes in duct sealing technology focused on reducing carbon emissions from buildings. The company utilizes a non-toxic, water-based formula to effectively seal gaps in the building envelope, air ducts, and vents. By addressing these vulnerabilities, Aeroseal enhances the comfort and health of residential and commercial spaces while simultaneously promoting a cleaner environment.

WeaveGrid is a company that focuses on facilitating the integration of electric vehicles (EV) with the electrical grid in collaboration with utilities and EV owners. Its software solution employs machine learning, optimization, and predictive analytics to address various challenges associated with EV-grid integration. By doing so, WeaveGrid enhances the ability of utilities to support the expansion of electric vehicles and the adoption of renewable energy resources. This approach not only promotes rapid decarbonization in the transportation and power sectors but also helps utility customers reduce their bills.

Heirloom specializes in direct air capture technology aimed at enhancing the natural absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The company's innovative system accelerates the ability of limestone to capture CO2, allowing for its permanent storage underground. By operating on renewable energy, Heirloom's technology promotes carbon capture and utilization at a large scale, with the goal of removing significant amounts of atmospheric CO2. This approach not only minimizes secondary impacts but also supports clients in restoring the atmosphere through natural processes.

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

VEIR is a company developing a new approach to using high-temperature superconductors for electricity transmission. Its passive evaporative cryogenic cooling delivers 20 times the cooling power per kilogram of nitrogen flow compared to mechanical subcooling.

Turntide focuses on advancing sustainable technologies aimed at reducing energy consumption and operational costs across various sectors, including buildings, agriculture, and electric transport. Founded in 2013 and based in Sunnyvale, California, the company has created an innovative electric motor system that utilizes switched reluctance technology, managed through sophisticated cloud software. This system is designed to address the significant energy waste associated with traditional electric motors, which account for a substantial portion of global electricity consumption. By integrating Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities, Turntide's solutions enable clients to achieve significant savings in energy costs related to space conditioning, maintenance, and refrigeration, thereby promoting a transition to 100% renewable energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Malta is a provider of industrial-grade, grid-scale energy storage solutions. The Malta system collects and stores inexpensive and abundant renewable and fossil energy, and dispatches it as needed to the grid to enable the affordable and reliable delivery of electricity on demand. Incubated at X, the Moonshot Factory (formerly Google [x]), and funded by leading venture capital and commercial power industry companies

Bloom Biorenewables Ltd is a Swiss company founded in 2019, focused on developing technology that transforms wood and agricultural waste into renewable materials as alternatives to petroleum. The company specializes in creating bio-based materials for the chemical industry, targeting various markets including fragrances, plastics, and textiles. By introducing innovative production methods for biorenewable products and fuels, Bloom Biorenewables aims to provide sustainable solutions that reduce reliance on fossil fuels and contribute to climate change mitigation.

Dandelion Energy, Inc., founded in 2017 and based in Palo Alto, California, specializes in providing affordable geothermal heating and cooling installations. The company has developed a home geothermal system that replaces traditional air conditioning and heating equipment with an efficient heat pump and safe underground pipes. This system harnesses thermal energy from the earth to regulate indoor temperatures and produce hot water, allowing homeowners to transition from conventional heating fuels to a more sustainable geothermal solution. Dandelion Energy aims to make renewable energy accessible and cost-effective for residential customers.

Blip Energy is focused on developing innovative battery energy storage systems to address rising peak demand and enhance the smart grid infrastructure. The company offers a smart, plug-and-play battery system that leverages artificial intelligence to help households reduce electric bills while providing essential backup power. By creating a distributed network of Internet of Things (IoT) batteries, Blip Energy aims to empower grid operators with the necessary tools and data to stabilize the grid and optimize energy costs for users. Their solutions facilitate energy management without the complexities of permitting and installation, aligning with current needs for resilience and cost savings. Blip Energy's approach supports the transition to a more sustainable, efficient, and reliable power grid for all.

C-Zero is a hard-tech startup based in Santa Barbara, California, focused on developing innovative technology to decarbonize natural gas. The company utilizes high-temperature catalytic systems to decompose methane, the main component of natural gas, into hydrogen and solid carbon. This process aims to eliminate carbon dioxide emissions associated with energy production. C-Zero's hydrogen can be applied across various industries, including ammonia production, electric generation, process heating, and fuel cell vehicles, potentially addressing up to 75% of global CO2 emissions. By providing a solution for energy companies to reduce their emissions while maintaining low-cost energy availability, C-Zero is positioned to make a significant impact on climate change and energy sustainability.

Boston Metal is a metallurgy company focused on reducing the carbon footprint of steel production through its innovative Molten Oxide Electrolysis (MOE) technology. Established in 2012 as a spin-off from MIT, the company has developed an industrial-scale solution that enables the efficient and cost-effective production of a diverse range of metals and alloys. Utilizing an electrolytic cell, Boston Metal processes raw iron ore to create ferroalloys, which are essential for producing various grades of steel. The company's advancements in MOE technology have resulted in a significant scaling of production capabilities, achieving a 1,000-fold increase and generating thousands of kilograms of metal. Headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts, Boston Metal aims to provide a greener alternative for the metal industry by leveraging its unique process and a variety of feedstocks.

ZeroAvia, Inc. is a company focused on developing zero-emission aircraft for commercial short-haul flights. Established in 2017 and headquartered in Hollister, California, with an office in Cranfield, United Kingdom, ZeroAvia specializes in hydrogen-electric propulsion systems. These systems are designed to eliminate aviation emissions while ensuring operational efficiency. The company aims to provide scalable technologies that can retrofit existing aircraft, thereby facilitating a transition to sustainable aviation. By collaborating with various stakeholders, ZeroAvia seeks to revolutionize the aviation industry through cleaner and more efficient flight options. Their powertrain utilizes a hydrogen fuel-cell system in limited-seat fixed-wing aircraft, which not only reduces emissions but also allows for the use of existing infrastructure, thus simplifying regulatory challenges and lowering both fuel and maintenance costs for aviation companies.

Form Energy, Inc. specializes in the development of long-duration energy storage systems aimed at enhancing the reliability of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. Founded in 2017 and based in Somerville, Massachusetts, the company focuses on creating low-cost battery systems, including its innovative iron-air battery technology, which allows for energy storage over extended periods. This capability enables the dispatch of renewable energy throughout the year, effectively replacing traditional fossil fuel-based generation and contributing to the decarbonization of the electric grid. Additionally, Form Energy offers Formware, a capacity expansion software tool designed to optimize energy management. The company's technological advancements are rooted in research from MIT and are supported by various investors committed to sustainable energy solutions.

CarbonCure Technologies Inc. offers innovative technology that allows concrete producers to sequester waste carbon dioxide (CO2) into their products, effectively transforming it into a solid mineral during the concrete manufacturing process. By sourcing CO2 from industrial emitters, the company enables manufacturers to create greener and stronger concrete without compromising on quality or price. This retrofit technology not only enhances the performance characteristics of traditional concrete but also helps producers tap into the growing green building market. CarbonCure's solutions are designed to provide material, environmental, and production advantages while reducing the overall carbon footprint associated with concrete production. The company, incorporated in 2007 and headquartered in Dartmouth, Canada, also supports its clients with marketing and environmental reporting services to strengthen their competitive position in the industry.

Redwood Materials, Inc. specializes in the development of innovative recycling processes aimed at creating circular supply chains for lithium-ion batteries and other electronic products. Founded by JB Straubel and based in Carson City, Nevada, the company focuses on recovering valuable materials such as lithium, nickel, copper, cobalt, and other metals from end-of-life batteries and electronics. Redwood receives approximately 10 GWh of batteries annually for recycling, which are refined and remanufactured into essential anode and cathode materials. The company is actively working to scale its production capacity to 100 GWh annually by 2025, sufficient to produce over one million electric vehicles each year. By emphasizing sustainable practices, Redwood Materials aims to reduce the environmental impact of battery production and support the growth of the electric vehicle and renewable energy storage markets.

Boston Materials, Inc. is a manufacturer of advanced composite materials, specializing in 3D reinforced carbon fiber pre-pregs. Founded in 2016 and based in Bedford, Massachusetts, the company utilizes patented Z-axis Fiber technology, which incorporates vertically aligned carbon fibers to enhance energy transfer properties. Its product line includes Carbon Supercomposite, a magnetically assembled carbon fiber pre-preg, which finds applications across various sectors such as aerospace, automotive, marine, wind energy, and sports equipment. Boston Materials' advanced materials aim to improve thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, offering a roll-to-roll manufacturing process with in-line quality control and an annual production capacity of one million square meters. These innovations enable industries like semiconductors and electrified vehicles to achieve greater efficiency, reliability, and weight reduction while addressing critical challenges in durability and performance.

Enverid Systems, Inc. specializes in developing and manufacturing indoor air quality and energy-saving solutions for commercial buildings globally. The company offers HVAC load reduction modules designed to eliminate molecular contaminants, such as carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and formaldehyde from indoor air. Its technology facilitates indoor air treatment, automated regeneration, and management of outside air, enhancing both air quality and energy efficiency. Additionally, Enverid Systems provides sorbent cartridges that capture various pollutants, including VOCs and ozone. The company's products cater to a variety of environments, including schools, hospitals, residences, and transportation. Established in 2010 and based in Westwood, Massachusetts, Enverid Systems operates offices in Boston, Houston, Tampa, and Shanghai, and is a subsidiary of Tadiran Holdings Ltd.

Natel Energy, Inc. develops and sells restoration hydro turbines (RHTs) designed for low head settings to generate renewable electricity from various water sources, including existing low dams, irrigation canals, and streams. These turbines can be installed in existing infrastructure, improving the efficiency of older units and ensuring compliance with environmental standards. The company also offers digital services that enhance operational efficiency and reduce risks for hydropower stakeholders, utilizing machine learning and remote sensing technologies. Additionally, Natel Energy provides HydroForecast, which employs satellite imagery and advanced modeling to deliver accurate hydrological forecasts. Founded in 2005 and based in Alameda, California, Natel Energy aims to support the transition to sustainable energy through innovative hydropower solutions that contribute to a low-carbon grid.

C16 Biosciences, Inc. is a biotechnology company based in New York, established in 2017, specializing in the production of sustainable alternatives to palm oil through microbiology and fermentation processes. The firm focuses on creating innovative ingredients for food manufacturers, refiners, and consumers, aiming to decarbonize the supply chains of consumer product brands. C16 Biosciences has developed the Palmless™ platform, which features its first biodesigned ingredient, Torula oil—a premium bioactive oil known for its clinically proven benefits for skin and hair health. By leveraging biomanufacturing techniques, the company provides scalable and sustainable options, addressing the demand for environmentally friendly alternatives in the oil and fat market.

Lilac Solutions, Inc. is a mining technology company focused on lithium extraction, providing innovative technology and services to lithium producers. The company specializes in ion exchange beads and continuous brine processing systems, which enable the efficient production of high-purity lithium solutions from various brine resources. This technology, grounded in ion-exchange theory, allows lithium producers to enhance project development, improve lithium recovery rates, and optimize operational efficiency while also minimizing costs and environmental impact. Lilac Solutions serves industries such as electric vehicles and renewable energy storage. Incorporated in 2015, the company is headquartered in Oakland, California.

ESS is a long-duration energy storage company that specializes in iron flow battery technology, providing solutions for commercial, industrial, utility, microgrid, and off-grid applications. Established in 2011, ESS aims to support a future powered by clean and reliable energy. The company utilizes an innovative energy management system that features a safe and non-toxic iron-electrolyte combined with a patented flow cell design. This approach allows ESS to deliver high-performance energy storage at a lower cost, making its technology suitable for a wide range of applications from retail energy management to utility-scale renewable energy integration. With a team experienced in distributed power generation and energy storage technologies, ESS is well-positioned to contribute to the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.

75F, LLC, founded in 2012 and based in Burnsville, Minnesota, specializes in building automation systems that utilize Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance energy efficiency in commercial buildings. The company offers a comprehensive Building Energy Management System that integrates a range of smart devices, including sensors, thermostats, and control units, to optimize HVAC performance and lighting. By leveraging real-time data and wireless communication, 75F's solutions allow for precise climate control, adapting to occupancy and environmental changes to ensure comfort while minimizing energy consumption. The company's mission focuses on improving indoor air quality and occupant productivity while promoting sustainable practices. Through its intelligent automation and centralized monitoring, 75F helps clients reduce operational costs and their carbon footprint, making smart building technology accessible and effective.

Form Energy, Inc. specializes in the development of long-duration energy storage systems aimed at enhancing the reliability of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. Founded in 2017 and based in Somerville, Massachusetts, the company focuses on creating low-cost battery systems, including its innovative iron-air battery technology, which allows for energy storage over extended periods. This capability enables the dispatch of renewable energy throughout the year, effectively replacing traditional fossil fuel-based generation and contributing to the decarbonization of the electric grid. Additionally, Form Energy offers Formware, a capacity expansion software tool designed to optimize energy management. The company's technological advancements are rooted in research from MIT and are supported by various investors committed to sustainable energy solutions.

Sierra Energy, founded in 2004 and headquartered in Davis, California, specializes in developing innovative technology that converts waste into energy without combustion. The company's flagship FastOx® gasification technology employs steam and oxygen to break down waste at a molecular level, producing clean syngas that can be converted into valuable products. This sustainable solution is designed to address the needs of the modern waste industry while promoting a zero-waste future. Sierra Energy actively advances its technology, testing new applications at the Sierra Energy Research Park and operating a commercial facility in Monterey County, California. By offering a reliable method for waste management, Sierra Energy aims to support local municipalities and governments in enhancing environmental protection, achieving energy independence, and generating revenue.

Commonwealth Fusion Systems LLC is a research and development company focused on advancing fusion energy technology to provide an inexhaustible power source. Established in 2017 and based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the company utilizes rare-earth barium copper oxide superconductor technology to create fusion energy systems. Commonwealth Fusion Systems was spun out of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and collaborates with MIT’s Plasma Science and Fusion Center to leverage decades of government-funded fusion research. By integrating established physics with innovative magnet technology, the company aims to accelerate the commercialization of fusion energy, positioning itself as a key player in the transition to clean and renewable energy sources while addressing climate change challenges.

Arnergy is a provider of sustainable energy services focused on delivering clean and reliable energy solutions for businesses and homes. The company aims to address energy reliability issues in emerging markets by offering scalable, affordable energy systems designed to overcome challenges such as grid unreliability and intermittency. Through its products, services, and systems, Arnergy enhances business operations and improves economic outcomes for its clients, ensuring access to dependable energy resources.

Boston Metal is a metallurgy company focused on reducing the carbon footprint of steel production through its innovative Molten Oxide Electrolysis (MOE) technology. Established in 2012 as a spin-off from MIT, the company has developed an industrial-scale solution that enables the efficient and cost-effective production of a diverse range of metals and alloys. Utilizing an electrolytic cell, Boston Metal processes raw iron ore to create ferroalloys, which are essential for producing various grades of steel. The company's advancements in MOE technology have resulted in a significant scaling of production capabilities, achieving a 1,000-fold increase and generating thousands of kilograms of metal. Headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts, Boston Metal aims to provide a greener alternative for the metal industry by leveraging its unique process and a variety of feedstocks.

Malta is a provider of industrial-grade, grid-scale energy storage solutions. The Malta system collects and stores inexpensive and abundant renewable and fossil energy, and dispatches it as needed to the grid to enable the affordable and reliable delivery of electricity on demand. Incubated at X, the Moonshot Factory (formerly Google [x]), and funded by leading venture capital and commercial power industry companies

CarbonCure Technologies Inc. offers innovative technology that allows concrete producers to sequester waste carbon dioxide (CO2) into their products, effectively transforming it into a solid mineral during the concrete manufacturing process. By sourcing CO2 from industrial emitters, the company enables manufacturers to create greener and stronger concrete without compromising on quality or price. This retrofit technology not only enhances the performance characteristics of traditional concrete but also helps producers tap into the growing green building market. CarbonCure's solutions are designed to provide material, environmental, and production advantages while reducing the overall carbon footprint associated with concrete production. The company, incorporated in 2007 and headquartered in Dartmouth, Canada, also supports its clients with marketing and environmental reporting services to strengthen their competitive position in the industry.